Industry 4.0

Industry 4.0, Industrie 4.0 or the fourth industrial revolution, is the current trend ofautomation and data exchange in manufacturing technologies. It includes cyber-physical systems, the Internet of things and cloud computing. Industry 4.0 creates what has been called a "smart factory". Within the modular structured smart factories, cyber-physical systems monitor physical processes, create a virtual copy of the physical world and make decentralized decisions. Over the Internet of Things, cyber-physical systems communicate and cooperate with each other and with humans in real time, and via the Internet of Services, both internal and cross-organizational services are offered and used by participants of the value chain.The term "Industrie 4.0" originates from a project in the high-tech strategy of the German government, which promotes the computerization of manufacturing.

Some have used the term "fourth industrial revolution" to refer to Industrie 4.0. The use of the term in current context typically involves the creation of a series of supposed "revolutions". Such an account will typically claim the first industrial revolution mobilised the mechanization of production using water and steam power; the second industrial revolution then introduced mass production with the help of electric power, followed by the digital revolution and the use of electronics and IT to further automate production.However, the term "fourth industrial revolution" has been applied to significant technological developments several times over the last 75 years. The term "Industrie 4.0" was revived used in 2011 at the Hannover Fair.^[10] In October 2012 the Working Group on Industry 4.0 presented a set of Industry 4.0 implementation recommendations to the German federal government. The Industry 4.0 workgroup members are recognized as the founding fathers and driving force behind Industry 4.0.

There are four design principles in Industry 4.0. These principles support companies in identifying and implementing Industry 4.0 scenarios.

• Interoperability: The ability of machines, devices, sensors, and people to connect and communicate with each other via the Internet of Things (IoT) or the Internet of People (IoP).
• Information transparency: The ability of information systems to create a virtual copy of the physical world by enriching digital plant models with sensor data. This requires the aggregation of raw sensor data to higher-value context information.
• Technical assistance: First, the ability of assistance systems to support humans by aggregating and visualizing information comprehensibly for making informed decisions and solving urgent problems on short notice. Second, the ability of cyber physical systems to physically support humans by conducting a range of tasks that are unpleasant, too exhausting, or unsafe for their human co-workers.
• Decentralized decisions: The ability of cyber physical systems to make decisions on their own and to perform their tasks as autonomous as possible. Only in case of exceptions, interferences, or conflicting goals, tasks are delegated to a higher level.

Some examples for Industry 4.0 are machines which can predict failures and trigger maintenance processes autonomously or self-organized logistics which react to unexpected changes in production.Modern information and communication technologies like Cyber-Physical Systems, big data or cloud computing will help predict the possibility to increase productivity, quality and flexibility within the manufacturing industry and thus to understand advantages within the competition.

Big Data Analytics consists of 6Cs in the integrated Industry 4.0 and Cyber Physical Systems environment. The 6C system comprises:

1. Connection (sensor and networks)
2. Cloud (computing and data on demand)
3. Cyber (model & memory)
4. Content/context (meaning and correlation)
5. Community (sharing & collaboration)
6. Customization (personalization and value)

the fourth industrial revolution will affect many areas, most notably:

1. Services and Business Models
2. Reliability and continuous productivity
3. IT security
4. Machine safety
5. Product lifecycles
6. Industry value chain
7. Workers Education and skills
8. Socio-economic
9. Industry Demonstration: To help industry understand the impact of Industry 4.0, Cincinnati Mayor, John Cranley, signed a proclamation to state "Cincinnati to be Industry 4.0 Demonstration City".
10. A recent article suggests that Industry 4.0 may have a beneficial effects for developing countries like India.

Source:(www.en.wikipedia.org)